ENVIRONMENT HUMHALH CHUNGCHANG
Lalmuanpuii Renthlei
Savidge Colony
Kum zabi 20-na tawp lam atanga vawiin thleng hian India ram hi khawvel pumah carbon emission ti chhuak hnem ber 3-na kan ni a. Thlipuite pawh a nasa ta viau a, India pawhin kum 65 chhunga fur ruah sur nasat ber a tawng chho zel ta mai (Christian Aid Report, 2020). Carbon emission hi boruak chhia, lungalhthei hal atang te, industry leh factory lian tak tak atanga chhuak te, motor khu te leh thil dang tam takin a siam ber a. Chumi infin khawm leh ramngaw chereu nasa em em leh, tuifinriat bawlhhlawh zel chuan kan khawvel pumpui hi a tih lum belh zel ta thin a ni. Hetia khawvel lum zelin a nghawng hi rin phak bak in a rapthlak a, sawi uar thiam pawh a har narawh! Thlipui leh khawkheng a hma aiin a nasa a. Boruak a bawlhhlawh em em a, heng te hi khawvel pumpui lum zelin a ken tel te chu an ni.
India State of Forest Report, 2019-in a tarlan danin, Mizoram hi India ramah ram tikang nasa ber state kan ni a. Kan tih kanna tam zawk chu lo vah leh hal hmanga eizawnna (Jhum cultivation) vang a ni. Northeast India-ah, ramngaw a hloh hnem ber 3-na kan ni a, Manipur (499 sq km) leh Arunachal Pradesh (276 sq km) dawt ah kan awm a, Square kilometer 180 kan hloh a ni. Mizoram hian ramngaw huam chin 85.41% kan la nei a, India state-ah chuan ramngaw nei zau ber pawl kan la ni thung. Kan ram hi biodiversity-ah kan hausain, tih chhiat loh lai kan la ngah em em a. Kan ram chhung a ‘natural resource’ leilung hausakna te chu:
1. Mau (Bamboo) ringawt pawh hi species 400 chuang hmuhchhuah niin, kan ram huam chhung 57% hi mau hmun a ni.
2. Sava pawh species 670 chuang leh migratory birds an tih ang te chhinchhiah a ni bawk.
3. Thingkung species 125 leh nauban species 300 chuang hmuh a ni bawk.
4. Ramhmul damdawi (Ethnobotanical medicines) chi 500 chuang hmuhchhuah a ni bawk a.
5. Pasi, maupa, pasawntlung, adt. pawh species 52 chuang lai leh pa (mushroom) species 200 chuang hmuh a ni bawk a.
6. India ram a Sakei awm zingah pawh chi 3 hi Mizoramah hmuh niin, keite chi 11 zingah chi 5 hmuh a ni bawk a. Chung ho zingah chuan Mizoram bikah ‘golden cat’ leh ‘marbled cat’ an tih te hi chi mang hlauhawm (endangered) leh vang lutuk (extremely rare) zinga chhiar tel an ni.
7. India rama ‘protected area’ hmun 981 zingah hmun 10 hi Mizoram huam chhunga awm a ni.
8. ‘Wetlands of National Importance’ 26 zinga 2 hi Mizoramah an awm a ni. Wetland kan tih chuan ram leilung hausa em em, ecosystem (leilung inrelbawlna) atana pawimawhna lian tak nei tihna a ni a. Mizoram chhungah chuan Palak dil hi wetland a nemngheh tawh niin, ~am dil pawh hi nemngheh leh tur zing a mi a ni a. A state ang chuan wetland a chhiar tel tawh a ni thung.
Lo hal leh vah hmanga eizawnna vang chauha ramngaw chereu a ni lo a, mimal, pawl, sorkar leh adang ten a nghawng tur dawn lova hmalakna an neih thin vang hi a tam zawk pawh a ni a. Kan eizawnna hnar pawh ni miah lovin ram kan vat a, ramngaw pawimawh zia ngaihtuah lovin. Thingkung ding khan ruah alo sur in, tui luang ral mai tur alo veng thin a. Tun kum, 2021 thal kha a na hle a, tui thianghlim pawh pump tur a awm lo hman tep anih kha. Kan lui lian Tlawng hnar meuh pawh kan ti chereu nasa tawh a, Riverine Reserve Forest huam chin luidung atanga meter 800 tal humhalh leh tur pawn nasa tak a beih alo ngai ta. Tun hma ngaihtuah in, tuihna a kang nasa tawh hle. Tlawng chauh lo pawh kang mai hlauhawm a tam ta. Tun anga kan ram kan tih chereu zel chuan, tui thianghlim in tur kan nei lo anga, bawlhhlawh sawngbawlna mumal awm silovin, ruahin a tleng a, kan thli tho kan lo in leh a. Kan mamawh aia tam thil lei hi insum theuh tum ila, piancham lawm leh thil lawmna hrang hrangah te pawh plastic paih leh mai tur thil hman tlem zir ila, sum kan tih hek loh bakah kan ram leilung bawlhlawh belh zel tur kan humhim thei dawn a ni. Kan la tlai chhe miah lo a nia, tun hi hmalak tan hun tak chu a ni e.
(Hun chep tak karah kan ngenna tihlawhtlingin, Documentation sub-committee-in a buatsaih article/essay inziah siak khuh hawn nan article bengvarthlak tak mai min ziah saka, kan lawm takzet e.)